Our rabbis taught: Everyone may go up as one of the seven Torah readers, even a minor and even a woman. However, the Sages said that a woman should not read from the Torah, because of the dignity of the congregation (kavod hatzibur)
(ז) כָּל מִצְוֹת הַבֵּן עַל הָאָב, אֲנָשִׁים חַיָּבִין וְנָשִׁים פְּטוּרוֹת. וְכָל מִצְוֹת הָאָב עַל הַבֵּן, אֶחָד אֲנָשִׁים וְאֶחָד נָשִׁים חַיָּבִין. וְכָל מִצְוַת עֲשֵׂה שֶׁהַזְּמָן גְּרָמָהּ, אֲנָשִׁים חַיָּבִין וְנָשִׁים פְּטוּרוֹת. וְכָל מִצְוַת עֲשֵׂה שֶׁלֹּא הַזְּמָן גְּרָמָהּ, אֶחָד אֲנָשִׁים וְאֶחָד נָשִׁים חַיָּבִין. וְכָל מִצְוַת לֹא תַעֲשֶׂה, בֵּין שֶׁהַזְּמָן גְּרָמָהּ בֵּין שֶׁלֹּא הַזְּמָן גְּרָמָהּ, אֶחָד אֲנָשִׁים וְאֶחָד נָשִׁים חַיָּבִין, חוּץ מִבַּל תַּשְׁחִית וּבַל תַּקִּיף וּבַל תִּטַּמָּא לְמֵתִים:
(7) [With regard to] all commandments about one's son which are obligatory upon the father, men are obligated, and women are exempt. And all commandments about one's parent which are obligatory upon the child, both men and women are obligated.
And [with regard to] every positive commandment that is time-dependent, men are obligated and women are exempt. And [with regard to] every positive commandment which is not time-dependent, both men and women are obligated. And [with regard to] every negative commandment, whether it is time-dependent or it is not time-dependent, both men and women are obligated [except those regarding anatomy].
Reciting Sh'ma
Wearing tzitzit and tefillin
Sukkah
Lulav
Shofar
Counting the Omer
Time-bound positive mitzvot that women were obligated to included:
Matzah and 4 Cups of Wine at the Seder
Shabbat and Chanukkah Candles
Megillat Esther
Kiddush
Amidah
Birkat Hamazon
Women also could not count in a minyan or be included in communal birkat hamazon, and were exempt from Torah study
(ח) ... זֶה הַכְּלָל, כֹּל שֶׁאֵינוֹ מְחֻיָּב בַּדָּבָר, אֵינוֹ מוֹצִיא אֶת הָרַבִּים יְדֵי חוֹבָתָן:
(8)... This is the general rule: all those who are not obligated to carry out a particular action, cannot release [others] from their obligation.


