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Shareיצִיב פִתְגם לְאת ּודְגם בְרִבֹו רִבְוון עִירִין
ענה אנא בְמִנְינא דְפסְלִין אַרְבְעה טּורִין
קדמֹוהִי לְגּוּמֹוהִי נְגיד ּונְפיק נְהַר דְנּורִין
בטּור תַלְגא נְהֹור שְרַגא וְזיקִין דְנּור וב עֹורִין
ברא ּוסְכא, מַה בַחֲשֹוכא וְעִּמה שַרְיַן נְהֹורִין
רחִיקִין צְפא בְלא שִטְפא וְגַלְיַן לה דְמִטַּמְרִין
בעית מִניּהית הּורְמניּה ּובַתְרֹוהִי עֲד יגּובְרִין
ידְעי הִלְכְתא ּומַתְנִיתא וְתֹוסֶפְתא סִפְרא וְסִפְרִין
מלְֶך חַיא לְעלְמַיא ימַגַד עם ליה מְשַחֲרִין
אמִיר עֲל יהֹון כְח לא יְהֹון וְל איִתְמְנּון היְך עַפְרִין
יחַוְרּון כְען לְהֹון בִקְען יְטּופּון נַעֲוו י חַמְרִין
רעּותְהֹון הַב וְאַפ יהֹון צְהַב יְנַהֲרּון כִנְהַר צַפְרִין
וְלִיהַב תְקֹוף וְעינך זקֹוף חֲז ִ יערך דְב ךכַפְרִין
יְהֹון כְתִבְנא בְגֹולִבְנא כְאַבְנא יִשְתְקּון ח פְרִין
כְקאימְנאוְתַרְ גמְנא בְמִלֹוי דִבְחִירסַ פְרִין
יְ הֹונתן, גְבַר עִנְוְתן, בְכן לה נַמְטי אַפְרִין
Translation by Dr. Tzvi Novick
1. Firm is the word / of the Sign and Mark // among myriad myriads of Watchers. 2. Where does He dwell? / Amid the numbers // that hew four mountains. 3. In front of Him, / into its basins, // a river of fires extends and streams. 4. On a mountain of snow / is a flaming light // and flashes of fire and torches. 5. He made and saw / what is in the dark, // for with Him lights reside. 6. He spies things distant / without forgetting, // and to Him are revealed hidden things. 7. I seek from Him / His leave, // and after Him, of these men, 8. Who know law / and Mishnah, // and Tosefta, Sifra, and Sifre. 9. May the King who lives / forever and ever // bestow fruit on the people that seek him. 10. It is said of them, / they will be as sand, // and innumerable be like the dusts. 11. White as sheep / may their dales become; // may their presses drip with wines! 12. Grant their desire, / and brighten their faces; // Let them shine like the light of mornings! 13. And to me give strength, / and raise Your eyes: // See the enemies that deny You! 14. May they be as straw / inside a brick; // may they be silent as stone, ashamed. 15. When I arise / and I translate // with the words of the choicest of scribes, 16. Jonathan, / that most humble man, // we thus render him graces.
(ד) הַקּוֹרֵא בַּתּוֹרָה לֹא יִפְחֹת מִשְּׁלֹשָׁה פְסוּקִים. לֹא יִקְרָא לַמְּתֻרְגְּמָן יוֹתֵר מִפָּסוּק אֶחָד, וּבַנָּבִיא שְׁלֹשָׁה. הָיוּ שְׁלָשְׁתָּן שָׁלֹשׁ פָּרָשִׁיּוֹת, קוֹרִין אֶחָד אֶחָד. מְדַלְּגִין בַּנָּבִיא וְאֵין מְדַלְּגִין בַּתּוֹרָה. וְעַד כַּמָּה הוּא מְדַלֵּג, עַד כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא יִפְסֹק הַמְּתֻרְגְּמָן:
(4) One who reads from the Torah in the synagogue should not read fewer than three verses. And when it is being translated, he should not read to the translator more than one verse at a time, so that the translator will not become confused. And with regard to the Prophets, one may read to the translator three verses at a time. . If the three verses constitute three separate paragraphs, that is to say, if each verse is a paragraph in itself, one must read them to the translator one by one. One may skip from one place to another while reading the Prophets, but one may not skip from one place to another while reading the Torah. How far may he skip? As far as he can, provided that the translator will not conclude his translation while the reader is still rolling the scroll to the new location.
(ג) למען ילמד ליראה את יקוק א-להיו. מלמד שהמורא מביא לידי מקרא, מקרא מביא לידי תרגום, תרגום מביא לידי משנה, משנה מביא לידי תלמוד, תלמוד מביא לידי מעשה,מעשה מביא לידי יראה.
(3) "so that he learn to fear the L-rd his G-d": We are hereby taught that miqra' (recitation of Scripture from a text) leads to targum (Aramaic translation), which leads to mishnah (oral teaching), which leads to talmud (engaged study), which leads to ma'aseh (performance), which leads to yir'ah (the fear of God).
A young person translates [to Aramaic] verse by verse from When Pharaoh] let [the people] go [Ex 13:17], and the entire song, for it is which Israel crossed the sea. One translates the portion to publicize miracle. Since it is customary to translate the Torah reading, it tomary to translate the prophetic portion. Similarly with Atzeret but not the remainder of the festivals
It was customary on the seventh day of Passover and the first day of Shavuot to translate the entire portion in order to make women and the unlearned understand the miracles and wonders, and to make [it] intelligible for them so they might give praise and thanksgiving to God ( haShem ) for the matter. Because when the custom was fixed, everyone spoke Aramaic. Currently, the custom has not budged from its place, but they have added to it, expounding the Ten Commandments in the vernacular. And likewise on the seventh day of Passover, from vaYosha to the end of the song. They relate the wonders that God has done for us and for our ancestors in language that everyone will understand, and they also expound what the Holy One, Blessed be He, will do in the future when He takes us out of exile.
(כ) ואלו הימים שמתענין בהם מן התורה וכל המתענה בהם לא יאכל ולא ישתה עד הערב. בח' בטבת נכתבה התורה יונית בימי תלמי המלך והחושך בא לעולם שלשת ימים.
These are the days when those who are is attentive to Torah does not eat or drink: On the 8th of Tevet, the Torah was written in Greek in the days of Ptolemy the King, and darkness came to the world for three days”