Save
Copy
Add to Collection
Export to Google Docs
Shareالصافات 101-110
فَبَشَّرْنَـٰهُ بِغُلَـٰمٍ حَلِيمٍۢ. فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ مَعَهُ ٱلسَّعْىَ قَالَ يَـٰبُنَىَّ إِنِّىٓ أَرَىٰ فِى ٱلْمَنَامِ أَنِّىٓ أَذْبَحُكَ فَٱنظُرْ مَاذَا تَرَىٰ ۚ قَالَ يَـٰٓأَبَتِ ٱفْعَلْ مَا تُؤْمَرُ ۖ سَتَجِدُنِىٓ إِن شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ مِنَ ٱلصَّـٰبِرِينَ. فَلَمَّآ أَسْلَمَا وَتَلَّهُۥ لِلْجَبِينِ. وَنَـٰدَيْنَـٰهُ أَن يَـٰٓإِبْرَٰهِيمُ. قَدْ صَدَّقْتَ ٱلرُّءْيَآ ۚ إِنَّا كَذَٰلِكَ نَجْزِى ٱلْمُحْسِنِينَ. إِنَّ هَـٰذَا لَهُوَ ٱلْبَلَـٰٓؤُا۟ ٱلْمُبِينُ. وَفَدَيْنَـٰهُ بِذِبْحٍعَظِيمٍۢ. وَتَرَكْنَا عَلَيْهِ فِى ٱلْـَٔاخِرِينَ. سَلَـٰمٌ عَلَىٰٓ إِبْرَٰهِيمَ. كَذَٰلِكَ نَجْزِى ٱلْمُحْسِنِينَ.
Quran 37:101-110
We gave him the good news of a prudent boy; and when he was old enough to go about and work with him, (one day) Abraham said to him: “My son, I see in my dream that I am slaughtering you. So consider (and tell me) what you think.” He said: “Do as you are bidden. You will find me, if Allah so wills, among the steadfast.”
When both surrendered (to Allah's command) and Abraham flung the son down on his forehead, We cried out: “O Abraham, you have indeed fulfilled your dream. Thus do We reward the good-doers.” This was indeed a plain trial. And We ransomed him with a mighty sacrifice, and We preserved for him a good name among posterity. Peace be upon Abraham.
Thus do We reward the good-doers.
Some time afterward, God put Abraham to the test, saying to him, “Abraham.” He answered, “Here I am.” “Take your son, your favored one, Isaac, whom you love, and go to the land of Moriah, and offer him there as a burnt offering on one of the heights that I will point out to you.” So early next morning, Abraham saddled his ass and took with him two of his servants and his son Isaac. He split the wood for the burnt offering, and he set out for the place of which God had told him. On the third day Abraham looked up and saw the place from afar. Then Abraham said to his servants, “You stay here with the ass. The boy and I will go up there; we will worship and we will return to you.” Abraham took the wood for the burnt offering and put it on his son Isaac. He himself took the firestone and the knife; and the two walked off together. Then Isaac said to his father Abraham, “Father!” And he answered, “Yes, my son.” And he said, “Here are the firestone and the wood; but where is the sheep for the burnt offering?” And Abraham said, “It is God who will see to the sheep for this burnt offering, my son.” And the two of them walked on together. They arrived at the place of which God had told him. Abraham built an altar there; he laid out the wood; he bound his son Isaac; he laid him on the altar, on top of the wood. And Abraham picked up the knife to slay his son. Then a messenger of יהוה called to him from heaven: “Abraham! Abraham!” And he answered, “Here I am.” “Do not raise your hand against the boy, or do anything to him. For now I know that you fear God, since you have not withheld your son, your favored one, from Me.” When Abraham looked up, his eye fell upon a ram, caught in the thicket by its horns. So Abraham went and took the ram and offered it up as a burnt offering in place of his son. And Abraham named that site Adonai-yireh, whence the present saying, “On the mount of יהוה there is vision.” The messenger of יהוה called to Abraham a second time from heaven, and said, “By Myself I swear, יהוה declares: Because you have done this and have not withheld your son, your favored one, I will bestow My blessing upon you and make your descendants as numerous as the stars of heaven and the sands on the seashore; and your descendants shall seize the gates of their foes. All the nations of the earth shall bless themselves by your descendants, because you have obeyed My command.” Abraham then returned to his servants, and they departed together for Beer-sheba; and Abraham stayed in Beer-sheba.
What are the differences in narrative between the Quran and the Torah?
تفسير الطبري
يقول تعالى ذكره: فبشَّرنا إبراهيم بغلام حليم، يعني بغلام ذي حِلْم إذا هو كَبِر، فأما في طفولته في المهد، فلا يوصف بذلك. وذكر أن الغلام الذي بشر الله به إبراهيم إسحاق [...] حدثنا بشر، قال: ثنا يزيد، قال: ثنا سعيد، عن قتادة ( فَبَشَّرْنَاهُ بِغُلامٍ حَلِيمٍ ) بشر بإسحاق، قال: لم يُثْن بالحلم على أحد غير إسحاق وإبراهيم.
Muhammad Ibn Jarir Ibn Yazid (at-Tabari) (Iran/Iraq c. 839-923)
God said: "And we We gave him the good news of a prudent boy" meaning a boy blessed with wisdom when he will grow up, but as a child in his cradle he's not described this way. And it is mentioned that the boy God informed him of is Isaac [...] Bishr reported: he said that Yazid transmitted, by Sai'd by Qatada ... he was informed about Isaac. He said: No one is described as prudent (halim/حليم) but Isaac and Abraham.
(So We gave him the glad tidings of a prudent boy.) This child was Isma`il, peace be upon him, for he was the first child of whom glad tidings were given to Ibrahim, peace be upon him, and he was older than Ishaq. The Muslims and the People of the Book agree, and indeed it is stated in their Book, that Isma`il, peace be upon him, was born when Ibrahim, peace be upon him, was eighty-six years old, and Ishaq was born when Ibrahim was ninety-nine years old. According to their Book, Allah commanded Ibrahim to sacrifice his only son, and in another text it says his firstborn son. But here they falsely inserted the name of Ishaq. This is not right because it goes against what their own Scripture says. They inserted the name of Ishaq because he is their ancestor, while Isma`il is the ancestor of the Arabs. They were jealous of them, so they added this idea and changed the meaning of the phrase "only son" to mean `the only son who is with you,' because Isma`il had been taken with his mother to Makkah. But this is a case of falsification and distortion, because the words "only son" cannot be said except in the case of one who has no other son. Furthermore, the firstborn son has a special status that is not shared by subsequent children, so the command to sacrifice him is a more exquisite test.
ויאמר יצחק אל אברהם אביו [וגו'] הנה האש והעצים ואיה השה לעולה (שם שם ו' וז') אמר לו אברהם אלקים יראה לו השה (שם שם ח') יזמן קרבנו ואם לא שה - לעולה בני ... אתה הוא הקרבן אעפי"כ וילכו שניהם יחדיו (שם) מהו יחדיו שלא היצר (כמה) [במה] שאמר לו אביו אלא כשם שזה היה שמח לקרב כך זה היה שמח ליקרב אברהם שמח לעקוד ויצחק שמח ליעקד אברהם שמח לשחוט ויצחק שמח (לשחוט) [לישחט].
(9th century onward)
Isaac said to Abraham his father: And he said, “Here are the firestone and the wood; but where is the sheep for the burnt offering?” and Abraham replied: "“It is God who will see to the sheep for this burnt offering, my son.” God will find his sacrifice, and if not a sheep for sacrifice, my son for sacrifice ... you are the sacrifice. Nevertheless: "and they went together." What does this mean? That he was not distressed by what his father had told him, but just as one was happy to sacrifice, the other was happy to be sacrificed. Abraham was happy to sacrifice, and Isaac was happy to be sacrificed. Abraham was happy to bind, and Isaac was happy to be bound. Abraham was happy to slaughter, and Isaac was happy to be slaughtered.
וַיֹּאמֶר יִצְחָק אֶל אַבְרָהָם אָבִיו וַיֹּאמֶר אָבִי (בראשית כב, ז), בָּא לוֹ סמא"ל אֵצֶל אָבִינוּ אַבְרָהָם אֲמַר לֵיהּ סָבָא סָבָא אוֹבַדְתְּ לִבֶּךָ, בֵּן שֶׁנִּתַּן לְךָ לְמֵאָה שָׁנָה אַתָּה הוֹלֵךְ לְשָׁחֲטוֹ, אָמַר לוֹ עַל מְנָת כֵּן. אָמַר לוֹ וְאִם מְנַסֶּה אוֹתְךָ יוֹתֵר מִכֵּן אַתְּ יָכוֹל לַעֲמֹד, (איוב ד, ב): הֲנִסָּה דָבָר אֵלֶיךָ תִלְאֶה, אָמַר לוֹ וְיָתֵר עַל דֵּין. אָמַר לוֹ לְמָחָר אוֹמֵר לְךָ שׁוֹפֵךְ דָּם אַתְּ חַיָּב שֶׁשָּׁפַכְתָּ דָּמוֹ שֶׁל בִּנְךָ, אָמַר לוֹ, עַל מְנָת כֵּן. וְכֵיוָן שֶׁלֹא הוֹעִיל מִמֶּנּוּ כְּלוּם בָּא לוֹ אֵצֶל יִצְחָק, אָמַר לוֹ בְּרָא דַּעֲלוּבְתָּא, הוֹלֵךְ הוּא לְשָׁחָטֶךָ, אָמַר לוֹ עַל מְנָת כֵּן. אָמַר לוֹ אִם כֵּן כָּל אוֹתָן הַפָּרְגָזִיּוֹת שֶׁעָשָׂת אִמְּךָ לְיִשְׁמָעֵאל שְׂנָאֵיהּ דְּבֵיתָה יְרוּתָא, וְאַתָּה אֵינְךָ מַכְנִיס בְּלִבֶּךָ. כַּד לָא תֵיעוּל מִילָא תֵיעוּל פַּלְגָא, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב: וַיֹּאמֶר יִצְחָק אֶל אַבְרָהָם אָבִיו אָבִי, לָמָּה אָבִי אָבִי שְׁתֵּי פְּעָמִים, כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּתְמַלֵּא עָלָיו רַחֲמִים. (בראשית כב, ז): וַיֹּאמֶר הִנֵּה הָאֵֵשׁ וְהָעֵצִים, אָמַר לוֹ יְצֵף לְהַהוּא גַּבְרָא דְּיִגְעַר בֵּיהּ, מִכָּל מָקוֹם אֱלֹהִים יִרְאֶה לוֹ הַשֶֹּׂה בְּנִי, וְאִם לָאו אַתָּה הַשֶֹּׂה לְעֹלָה בְּנִי, (בראשית כב, ח): וַיֵּלְכוּ שְׁנֵיהֶם יַחְדָּו, זֶה לַעֲקֹד וְזֶה לִעָקֵד, זֶה לִשְׁחֹט וְזֶה לִשָּׁחֵט.
“And Yitzhak spoke to Avraham his father, and said: My father” (Gen. 22:7). Samael (the angel of death -EM) went to the our father Avraham and said: “Old man, old man! Have you lost your mind [lit. have you lost your heart]? You are going to slay a son given to you at the age of a hundred!’ ‘Even this I do,’ replied he. [Samael said:] ‘And if He sets you an even greater test, can you stand it?!’ [as it is written] “If a thing be put to you as a trial, will you be wearied” (Job 4:2)? ‘Even more than this,’ he replied. [Samael said:] ‘Tomorrow He will say to you, “You are guilty of murder, you murdered your son!” He replied: ‘Still I go’. Seeing that he could achieve nothing with him, he approached Yitzhak and said: ‘Son of an unhappy mother! He is going to slay you!’ He replied: ‘Still I go’. Samael said: ‘If so, all those fine tunics which your mother made be a legacy for Ishmael, the hated of her house, and you don't care [lit. don't let it enter your heart]?’ If a word is not completely effective, it may yet be effective in part, that’s why it is written, “And Yitzhak spoke to Avraham his father, and said: My father”: why [his] father, [my] father twice? So that he should be filled with compassion for him. "And he said: Behold, the fire and the wood. Avraham said to him: ‘May that man who has thus seduced him be drowned! Anyway, “God will provide himself the lamb, my son”; and if not, you are “the lamb for the burnt-offering my son.” So "they went both of them together" (Gen. 22:8) — one to slaughter and the other to be slaughtered.
ר' לוי אמר אחר דבריו של ישמעאל ליצחק אמר לו ישמעאל ליצחק אני גדול ממך במצות שאתה מלת בן שמנת ימים ואני בן שלש עשרה שנה אמר לו ובאבר אחד אתה מגרה בי אם אומר לי הקב"ה זבח עצמך לפני אני זובח מיד והאלהים נסה את אברהם.
Rabbi Levi says: This means after the statement of Ishmael to Isaac, during an exchange between them described in the verse: “And Sarah saw the son of Hagar…mocking” (Genesis 21:9). Ishmael said to Isaac: I am greater than you in the fulfillment of mitzvot, as you were circumcised at the age of eight days, without your knowledge and without your consent, and I was circumcised at the age of thirteen years, with both my knowledge and my consent. Isaac said to Ishmael: And do you provoke me with one organ? If the Holy One, Blessed be He, were to say to me: Sacrifice yourself before Me, I would sacrifice myself. Immediately, God tried Abraham, to confirm that Isaac was sincere in his offer to give his life.
וַיֹּאמֶר קַח נָא אֶת בִּנְךָ וגו' (בראשית כב, ב), אָמַר לוֹ בְבַקָּשָׁה מִמְּךָ קַח נָא אֶת בִּנְךָ, אָמַר לֵיהּ תְּרֵין בְּנִין אִית לִי אֵי זֶה בֵּן? אָמַר לוֹ: אֶת יְחִידְךָ. אָמַר לוֹ זֶה יָחִיד לְאִמּוֹ וְזֶה יָחִיד לְאִמּוֹ. אָמַר לוֹ: אֲשֶׁר אָהַבְתָּ. אָמַר לוֹ אִית תְּחוּמִין בִּמְעַיָא? אָמַר לוֹ: אֶת יִצְחָק. וְלָמָּה לֹא גִּלָּה לוֹ מִיָּד, כְּדֵי לְחַבְּבוֹ בְּעֵינָיו וְלִתֵּן לוֹ שָׂכָר עַל כָּל דִּבּוּר וְדִבּוּר.
And He said: Take, please, your son, etc. (22:2). Said God to him: ‘Take, I beg you" — please —Your son.’ ‘Which son? I have two sons’ he said. ‘Your only son,’ replied He. ‘This one is the only one to his mother, and this one is the only one to his mother.’ "The one you love"—‘Is there a limit to the affections?’ "Yitzhak" said He. And why did God not reveal it to him without delay? In order to make him [Yitzhak] even more beloved in his eyes and reward him for each and every word spoken.
"את בנך." ב' בנים יש לי! "את יחידך." זה יחיד לאמו וזה יחיד לאמו! "אשר אהבת." תרוייהו רחימנא להו! "את יצחק." וכל כך למה? כדי שלא תטרף דעתו עליו.
"And he said: father, etc." Yitzhak didn't say anything yet, but just called him "father" and was silent, since he felt his father's wish was to sacrifice him. He thought: "in that case, he does not have mercy on me as a father for his son but is cruel to me." For he did not yet know that was his creator's wish. Therefor he called him "father" to test if he will answer him, and if he still felt in his heart that he was his father, or rather if he already removed Isaac from his heart as though he is no longer his father. He said this to check who will be slaughtered, and when the answer came "hinneni (I am here) my son," indicating he still yearns for him, he replied: "where is the lamb for the sacrifice?" and (Abraham) replied: "God will show us the lamb, my son." It isn't I who'd chosen you but God. You and I both owe him respect. Then they both walked together with the same intention, indicating they were of different minds earlier.
