(יא) וַיֹּ֨אמֶר ה' לִשְׁלֹמֹ֗ה יַ֚עַן אֲשֶׁ֣ר הָֽיְתָה־זֹּ֣את עִמָּ֔ךְ וְלֹ֤א שָׁמַ֙רְתָּ֙ בְּרִיתִ֣י וְחֻקֹּתַ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוִּ֖יתִי עָלֶ֑יךָ קָרֹ֨עַ אֶקְרַ֤ע אֶת־הַמַּמְלָכָה֙ מֵעָלֶ֔יךָ וּנְתַתִּ֖יהָ לְעַבְדֶּֽךָ׃
(1) King Solomon loved many foreign women in addition to Pharaoh’s daughter—Moabite, Ammonite, Edomite, Phoenician, and Hittite women, (2) from the nations of which the LORD had said to the Israelites, “None of you shall join them and none of them shall join you, lest they turn your heart away to follow their gods.” Such Solomon clung to and loved. (3) He had seven hundred royal wives and three hundred concubines; and his wives turned his heart away. (4) In his old age, his wives turned away Solomon’s heart after other gods, and he was not as wholeheartedly devoted to the LORD his God as his father David had been. (5) Solomon followed Ashtoreth the goddess of the Phoenicians, and Milcom the abomination of the Ammonites. (6) Solomon did what was displeasing to the LORD and did not remain loyal to the LORD like his father David. (7) At that time, Solomon built a shrine for Chemosh the abomination of Moab on the hill near Jerusalem, and one for Molech the abomination of the Ammonites. (8) And he did the same for all his foreign wives who offered and sacrificed to their gods. (9) The LORD was angry with Solomon, because his heart turned away from the LORD, the God of Israel, who had appeared to him twice (10) and had commanded him about this matter, not to follow other gods; he did not obey what the LORD had commanded. (11) And the LORD said to Solomon, “Because you are guilty of this-b—you have not kept My covenant and the laws which I enjoined upon you—I will tear the kingdom away from you and give it to one of your servants.
Rabbi Shmuel bar Naḥmani said that Rabbi Yonatan said: Anyone who says that King Solomon sinned is nothing other than mistaken, as it is stated: “And his heart was not perfect with the Lord his God, as was the heart of David, his father” (I Kings 11:4). By inference: Solomon’s heart was not equal to the heart of David, his father; however, he also did not sin.
However, how then do I establish the meaning of the verse: “For it came to pass, when Solomon was old, that his wives turned away his heart after other gods” (I Kings 11:4)? That verse is in accordance with the statement of Rabbi Natan; as Rabbi Natan raised a contradiction between the two parts of the verse. On the one hand, it is written: “For it came to pass, when Solomon was old, that his wives turned away his heart after other gods.” On the other hand, isn’t it written: “And his heart was not perfect with the Lord his God, as was the heart of David his father,” indicating that Solomon’s heart was not equal to the heart of David his father; however, he also did not sin? Rather, the verse says as follows: For it came to pass, when Solomon was old, that his wives turned away his heart, in an attempt to spur him to go after other gods; however, he did not go after them.
. אָמַר רִבִּי אָחָא. אָמַר שְׁלֹמֹה. שְׁלֹשָׁה דְבָרִים שֶׁסִּחֲקָה עֲלֵיהֶן מִידַּת הַדִּין חִילַּלְתִּים. לֹא יַרְבֶּה לּוֹ נָשִׁים. וְכָתוּב וְהַמֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֗ה אָהַ֞ב נָשִׁ֧ים נָכְרִיּ֛וֹת.
לֹא יַרְבֶּה לּוֹ סוּסִים. וְכָתוּב וַיְהִ֣י לִשְׁלֹמֹ֗ה אַרְבָּעִ֥ים אֶ֛לֶף אוּרְיוֹת סוּסִ֖ים לְמֶרְכָּב֑וֹ וּשְׁנֵֽים־עָשָׂ֥ר אֶ֖לֶף פָּֽרָשִֽׁים׃
וְכֶסֶף וְזָהָב לֹא יַרְבֶּה לּוֹ מְאֹד. וְכָתוּב וַיִּתֵּ֨ן הַמֶּ֧לֶךְ אֶת־הַכֶּ֛סֶף בִּירֽוּשָׁלַם֖ כַּֽאֲבָנִ֑ים. וְלֹא הָיוּ נִגְנָבוֹת.
Rebbi Aḥa said: Solomon said, three things I desecrated where I got the better of the law. He shall not add wives, and it is written: King Solomonloved foreign women.
He shall not add horses, and it is written: Solomon had 40’000 horse stables for his chariot, and 12’000 riders.
And silver and gold he shall not add excessively, and it is written: The king made silver in Jerusalem to be like stones. Were they not stolen?
(ה) אָמַר רַבִּי יוּדָן, כָּל אוֹתָן שֶׁבַע שָׁנִים שֶׁבָּנָה שְׁלֹמֹה בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ, לֹא שָׁתָה בָּהֶן יַיִן, כֵּיוָן שֶׁבְּנָאוֹ וְנָשָׂא בִּתְיָה בַּת פַּרְעֹה, אוֹתוֹ הַלַּיְלָה שָׁתָה יַיִן, וְהָיוּ שָׁם שְׁנֵי בָּלוּזְמָאוֹת, אַחַת שִׂמְחָה לְבִנְיַן בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ, וְאַחַת שִׂמְחָה לְבַת פַּרְעֹה. אָמַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא שֶׁל מִי אֲקַבֵּל שֶׁל אֵלּוּ אוֹ שֶׁל אֵלּוּ, בְּאוֹתָהּ שָׁעָה עָלָה עַל דַּעְתּוֹ לְהַחְרִיב אֶת יְרוּשָׁלַיִם, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (ירמיה לב, לא): כִּי עַל אַפִּי וְעַל חֲמָתִי הָיְתָה לִי הָעִיר הַזֹּאת וגו', אָמַר רַבִּי הִלֵּל בַּר הִילֶנִי, כָּזֶה שֶׁהוּא עוֹבֵר בַּמָּקוֹם הַמְטֻנָּף וְעוֹקֵם חָטְמוֹ. אָמַר רַבִּי חוֹנְיָא שְׁמוֹנִים מִינֵי רִקּוּדִין רָקְדָה בַּת פַּרְעֹה בְּאוֹתָהּ הַלַּיְלָה, וְהָיָה שְׁלֹמֹה יָשֵׁן עַד אַרְבַּע שָׁעוֹת בַּיּוֹם וּמַפְתְּחוֹת שֶׁל בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ נְתוּנוֹת תַּחַת רֹאשׁוֹ, הֲדָא הוּא דִתְנַן עַל תָּמִיד שֶׁל שַׁחַר שֶׁקָּרַב בְּאַרְבַּע שָׁעוֹת, נִכְנְסָה אִמּוֹ וְהוֹכִיחַתּוּ, וְיֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים יָרָבְעָם בֶּן נְבָט נִכְנַס וְהוֹכִיחוֹ,

