(18) Jonathan said to him, “Tomorrow will be the new moon; and you will be missed when your seat remains vacant [At the festal meal].(19) So the day after tomorrow, go down all the way to the place where you hid the other time, and stay close to the Ezel stone.(20) Now I will shoot three arrows to one side of it, as though I were shooting at a mark,(21) and I will order the boy to go and find the arrows. If I call to the boy, ‘Hey! the arrows are on this side of you,’ be reassured and come, for you are safe and there is no danger—as the LORD lives!(22) But if, instead, I call to the lad, ‘Hey! the arrows are beyond you,’ then leave, for the LORD has sent you away.(23) As for the promise we made to each other, may the LORD be [witness] between you and me forever.”

(24) David hid in the field. The new moon came, and the king sat down to partake of the meal.(25) When the king took his usual place on the seat by the wall, Jonathan rose and Abner sat down at Saul’s side; but David’s place remained vacant.(26) That day, however, Saul said nothing. “It’s accidental,” he thought, “He must be unclean and not yet cleansed.”(27) But on the day after the new moon, the second day, David’s place was vacant again. So Saul said to his son Jonathan, “Why didn’t the son of Jesse come to the meal yesterday or today?”(28) Jonathan answered Saul, “David begged leave of me to go to Bethlehem.(29) He said, ‘Please let me go, for we are going to have a family feast in our town and my brother has summoned me to it. Do me a favor, let me slip away to see my kinsmen.’ That is why he has not come to the king’s table.”(30) Saul flew into a rage against Jonathan. “You son of a perverse, rebellious woman!” he shouted. “I know that you side with the son of Jesse—to your shame, and to the shame of your mother’s nakedness!(31) For as long as the son of Jesse lives on earth, neither you nor your kingship will be secure. Now then, have him brought to me, for he is marked for death.”(32) But Jonathan spoke up and said to his father, “Why should he be put to death? What has he done?”(33) At that, Saul threw his spear at him to strike him down; and Jonathan realized that his father was determined to do away with David.(34) Jonathan rose from the table in a rage. He ate no food on the second day of the new moon, because he was grieved about David, and because his father had humiliated him.

(35) In the morning, Jonathan went out into the open for the meeting with David, accompanied by a young boy.(36) He said to the boy, “Run ahead and find the arrows that I shoot.” And as the boy ran, he shot the arrows past him.(37) When the boy came to the place where the arrows shot by Jonathan had fallen, Jonathan called out to the boy, “Hey, the arrows are beyond you!”(38) And Jonathan called after the boy, “Quick, hurry up. Don’t stop!” So Jonathan’s boy gathered the arrows and came back to his master.—(39) The boy suspected nothing; only Jonathan and David knew the arrangement.—(40) Jonathan handed the gear to his boy and told him, “Take these back to the town.”(41) When the boy got there, David emerged from his concealment [near the Etzel stone] at the Negev. He flung himself face down on the ground and bowed low three times. They kissed each other and wept together; David wept the longer.(42) Jonathan said to David, “Go in peace! For we two have sworn to each other in the name of the LORD: ‘May the LORD be [witness] between you and me, and between your offspring and mine, forever!’”

(18) Jonathan said to him, “Tomorrow will be the new moon; and you will be missed when your seat remains vacant.hAt the festal meal.(19) So the day after tomorrow, go down iLit. “very much.”all the way-i to the place where you hid jLit. “on the day of the incident”; see 19.2 ff.the other time,-j and stay close to the Ezel stone.(20) Now I will shoot three arrows to one side of it, as though I were shooting at a mark,(21) and I will order the boy to go and find the arrows. If I call to the boy, ‘Hey! the arrows are on this side of you,’ be reassuredkLit. “accept it.” and come, for you are safe and there is no danger—as the LORD lives!(22) But if, instead, I call to the lad, ‘Hey! the arrows are beyond you,’ then leave, for the LORD has sent you away.(23) As for the promise we made to each other,lSee above, vv. 12–17. may the LORD be [witness] between you and me forever.”(24) David hid in the field. The new moon came, and the king sat down to partake of the meal.(25) When the king took his usual place on the seat by the wall, Jonathan rosemForce of Heb. uncertain; Septuagint “faced him.” and Abner sat down at Saul’s side; but David’s place remained vacant.(26) That day, however, Saul said nothing. “It’s accidental,” he thought. nHeb. construction unclear.“He must be unclean and not yet cleansed.”-n(27) But on the day after the new moon, the second day, David’s place was vacant again. So Saul said to his son Jonathan, “Why didn’t the son of JesseoSee note at 10.11. come to the meal yesterday or today?”(28) Jonathan answered Saul, “David begged leave of me to go to Bethlehem.(29) He said, ‘Please let me go, for we are going to have a family feast in our town and my brother has summoned me to it. Do me a favor, let me slip away to see my kinsmen.’ That is why he has not come to the king’s table.”(30) Saul flew into a rage against Jonathan. “You son of a perverse, rebellious woman!” he shouted. “I know that you side with the son of Jesse—to your shame, and to the shame of your mother’s nakedness!(31) For as long as the son of Jesse lives on earth, neither you nor your kingship will be secure. Now then, have him brought to me, for he is marked for death.”(32) But Jonathan spoke up and said to his father, “Why should he be put to death? What has he done?”(33) At that, Saul threwpSee 18.11 and note. his spear at him to strike him down; and Jonathan realized that his father was determined to do away with David.(34) Jonathan rose from the table in a rage. He ate no food on the second day of the new moon, because he was grieved about David, and because his father had humiliated him.(35) In the morning, Jonathan went out into the open for the meeting with David, accompanied by a young boy.(36) He said to the boy, “Run ahead and find the arrows that I shoot.” And as the boy ran, he shot the arrows past him.(37) When the boy came to the place where the arrows shot by Jonathan had fallen, Jonathan called out to the boy, “Hey, the arrows are beyond you!”(38) And Jonathan called after the boy, “Quick, hurry up. Don’t stop!” So Jonathan’s boy gathered the arrows and came back to his master.—(39) The boy suspected nothing; only Jonathan and David knew the arrangement.—(40) Jonathan handed the gear to his boy and told him, “Take these back to the town.”(41) When the boy got there, David qLit. “rose up from beside.”emerged from his concealment at-q the Negeb.rIdentical with the “Ezel Stone,” v. 19. He flung himself face down on the ground and bowed low three times. They kissed each other and wept together; David wept the longer.(42) Jonathan said to David, “Go in peace! For we two have sworn to each other in the name of the LORD: ‘May the LORD be [witness]
between you and me, and between your offspring and mine, forever!’”

§ The Gemara asks: Until where does the obligation of rebuke extend? Rav says: Until his rebuke is met by hitting, i.e., until the person being rebuked hits the person rebuking him.And Shmuel says: Until his rebuke is met by cursing, i.e., he curses the one rebuking him. And Rabbi Yoḥanan says: Until his rebuke is met by reprimand. The Gemara points out that this dispute between these amora’im is like a dispute between tanna’im: Rabbi Eliezer says: Until his rebuke is met by hitting; Rabbi Yehoshua says: Until his rebuke is met by cursing; ben Azzai says: Until his rebuke is met by reprimand.Rav Naḥman bar Yitzḥak says: And all three of them expounded the same one verse, from which they derived their respective opinions. After Jonathan rebuked his father, Saul, for the way he treated David, the verse states: “Then Saul’s anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him: You son of perverse rebellion, do not I know that you have chosen the son of Yishai to your own shame, and to the shame of your mother’s nakedness” (I Samuel 20:30). And it is written: “And Saul cast his spear at him to smite him, whereby Jonathan knew that it had been determined by his father to put David to death” (I Samuel 20:33).According to the one who says: Until his rebuke is met by hitting, it is derived from that which is written: “To smite him.” And according to the one who says: Until his rebuke is met by cursing, it is derived from that which is written: “To the shame of your mother’s nakedness.” And according to the one who says: Until his rebuke is met by reprimand, it is derived from that which is written: “Then Saul’s anger was kindled.”The Gemara asks: But according to the one who says: Until his rebuke is met by reprimand, aren’t both hitting and cursing written in that verse? The Gemara answers: It is different there, as due to the special fondness that Jonathan had for David, he subjected himself to more abuse than is required by halakha.