(לה) וְכִֽי־יָמ֣וּךְ אָחִ֔יךָ וּמָ֥טָה יָד֖וֹ עִמָּ֑ךְ וְהֶֽחֱזַ֣קְתָּ בּ֔וֹ גֵּ֧ר וְתוֹשָׁ֛ב וָחַ֖י עִמָּֽךְ׃(לו) אַל־תִּקַּ֤ח מֵֽאִתּוֹ֙ נֶ֣שֶׁךְ וְתַרְבִּ֔ית וְיָרֵ֖אתָ מֵֽאֱלֹקֶ֑יךָ וְחֵ֥י אָחִ֖יךָ עִמָּֽךְ׃(לז) אֶ֨ת־כַּסְפְּךָ֔ לֹֽא־תִתֵּ֥ן ל֖וֹ בְּנֶ֑שֶׁךְ וּבְמַרְבִּ֖ית לֹא־תִתֵּ֥ן אׇכְלֶֽךָ׃(לח) אֲנִ֗י ה׳ אֱלֹ֣קֵיכֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־הוֹצֵ֥אתִי אֶתְכֶ֖ם מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם לָתֵ֤ת לָכֶם֙ אֶת־אֶ֣רֶץ כְּנַ֔עַן לִהְי֥וֹת לָכֶ֖ם לֵאלֹקִֽים׃
(35) If your brother becomes impoverished and his hand (assets) become shaky among you, you must support him, [so too] the proselyte and the sojourner, so that he shall live with you. (36) You shall not take from him interest or usury and you shall fear your God, and your brother shall live with you. (37) You must not give him your money with interest, and usuriously you must not advance him your food. (38) I am Hashem your God who brought you out from the land of Egypt to give you the land of Canaan, to be a God for you.
והחזקת בו. אַל תַּנִּיחֵהוּ שֶׁיֵּרֵד וְיִפֹּל וְיִהְיֶה קָשֶׁה לַהֲקִימוֹ, אֶלָּא חַזְּקֵהוּ מִשְּׁעַת מוֹטַת הַיָּד; לְמָה זֶה דוֹמֶה? לְמַשּׂאוֹי שֶׁעַל הַחֲמוֹר, עוֹדֵהוּ עַל הַחֲמוֹר אֶחָד תּוֹפֵס בּוֹ וּמַעֲמִידוֹ, נָפַל לָאָרֶץ, חֲמִשָּׁה אֵין מַעֲמִידִין אוֹתוֹ:
והחזקת בו You Shall stengthen him — Don't let the poor fall and become impoverished so that it will be hard for them to recover. Instead, strengthen them the moment their strength and fortune fail. To what may this be compared? If a mule is carrying a load, as long as the load is balanced on the mule's back, it takes only one person to steady it, and make sure it doesn't fall off. Once the load has fallen to the ground, even five people will have trouble lifting it up.
עבדת עבד. עֲבוֹדָה שֶׁל גְּנַאי שֶׁיְּהֵא נִכָּר בָּהּ כְּעֶבֶד, שֶׁלֹּא יוֹלִיךְ כֵּלָיו אַחֲרָיו לְבֵית הַמֶּרְחָץ וְלֹא יַנְעִיל לוֹ מִנְעָלָיו:
עבדת עבד The work of a slave — i. e. you shall not make him do degrading work by which he is recognized as a slave — this might come out that he shall not, for instance, carry his master’s clothes after him to the public baths nor help him on with his boots.
וטעם וחי אחיך עמך שיחיה עמך והיא מצות עשה להחיותו שממנה נצטוינו על פקוח נפש במצות עשה.
ומכאן אמרו "וחי אחיך עמך" זו דרש בן פוטירי שנים שהיו מהלכין בדרך וביד אחד מהם קיתון של מים אם שותה הוא מגיע לישוב ואם שניהם שותים שניהם מתים. דרש בן פוטירי מוטב ישתו שניהם וימותו ולא יראה אחד במיתתו של חבירו, עד שבא רבי עקיבא ולמד "וחי אחיך עמך" חייך קודמים לחיי חבירך.
That he may live with you. The meaning is that the stranger or settler shall be enabled to live with you, it being a positive commandment to support him, and it is from here that we deduce that we are commanded by means of a positive commandment to save a life.
It is from here too, that the Sages have said: “That your brother may live with you. This was explained by Ben Peturi: If two people were going on a journey, and one of them has a pitcher of water if he [alone] drinks it, [it would suffice to enable him to] reach an inhabited place, but if both drink from it, both would die. Ben Peturi stated: ‘It is better that both should drink and die, rather than that one should witness the death of his colleague,’ until Rabbi Akiva came and taught: that your brother may live with you — your life takes precedence over the life of your colleague.”
מטה ידו. רוצה לומר שירד מטה מטה בשפלותו והיה עמך בעירך שאז עניי עירך קודמין. אל תטשהו ואל תעזבהו אבל החזק בו בין שיהיה ישראל או גר שנתגייר מאומה אחרת או תושב שקבל על עצמו שבע מצות בני נח עכ"פ כיון שהוא עמך אל תעזבהו אבל יחיה עמך ובעזרתך יחיה ולא ימות. ויהיה זה שתלוה לו משלך ותעשה לו צדקה מממונך.
His hand gives way. Meaning to say when his hand goes downward, lower and lower in his low condition. And live with you. In your city, for the poor of your city always come first. Do not forsake or abandon them, but strengthen them whether they are Jewish, a person who has chosen to become Jewish, or someone who has accepted upon themselves the Noahide Commandments, nevertheless, since they are with you, do not abandon them, but they shall live with you, and through your help they will live and not die. And you should loan them from what is yours and give them tzekadah from your own resources.


