Shemot 5786 - Connecting with the goodness that is hidden in our hearts
The large letter tet in כִּי־ט֣וֹב can teach us to connect with compassion and see the goodness in others
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Pharaoh's Daughter and Moses (also known as Moses is saved from the water by Pharaoh's daughter), Marc Chagall (1966).
Moses is born into a dire situation in which the Hebrews are being oppressed, starved, and subjected to collective punishment by Pharaoh. The labors they are subjected to are cruel and perhaps most cruelly, all male newborns are to be killed.
Here at the start of the Book of Exodus, in Parashat Shemot, when Moses is born we do not learn the name he is given by his birth mother. However:

(ב) וַתַּ֥הַר הָאִשָּׁ֖ה וַתֵּ֣לֶד בֵּ֑ן וַתֵּ֤רֶא אֹתוֹ֙ כִּי־ט֣וֹב ה֔וּא וַֽתִּצְפְּנֵ֖הוּ שְׁלֹשָׁ֥ה יְרָחִֽים׃

(2) The woman [Moses' mother] conceived and bore a son; and when she saw how good / beautiful / valuable he was, she hid him for three months.

The next narrative elements are familiar: Moses' mother then puts him into a basket, puts the basket in the Nile, where it is found by Pharaoh's daughter, who - with strategic assistance from Miriam, Moses' sister, eventually "adopts" Moses and raises him as her own son. Moses is assimilated into Egyptian life; his deep resonance for "his own people" will soon emerge.
This unnamed Hebrew boy is seen by his mother to be כִּי־ט֣וֹב (qi tov) - how good. Not evident here on Sefaria / online, or in most chumashim (printed versions of the Torah): the first letter of the word ט֣וֹב (tov) - good - is written larger than its neighbors in a Sefer Torah (Torah scroll). This is the first occurrence of either three or five of large letters in the Book of Exodus (some consider two of the five to be in doubt).
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כּי־טוב how good

In my Torah commentaries that you can find here on Sefaria, I have a consistently explored the visual midrash of the unusual letters in a Torah scroll: אותיות רבתי (otiyot rabbati) - large letters (as here); אותיות קטנות (otiyot ktanot) - small letters; broken letters; and also the fascinating and mysterious special markings - puncta extraordinaria - usually placed over certain letters or words (of which there is a total of fourteen instances in the entirety of Tanakh).
Please see, among others:
Nitzavim x Psalm 27 / Elul 5784 Extraordinary points
Vayishlach 5785 Esau's kiss: an affiliative and healing act: "Righteousness and peace have kissed"
Chayei Sarah 5786 - Grief can connect us: Small letter, large meaning
To what meaning, what elaborations, is this visual midrash - the large tet ט֣וֹב - directing us? What can we learn from this?
As a starting place for this exploration: what is the letter tet ט, the ninth letter in the Hebrew alphabet, the rarest letter in the entire Torah?
For one thing, the letter tet is the first letter in the word for good / goodness - טוב. In Kabbalah / Jewish mysticism, the letter tet is considered to contain many interconnected attributes:
  • concealed goodness which is connected with:
  • the fact that the shape of this letter is seen as an vessel
  • the ninth letter in the Hebrew alphabet, tet is connected with the ninth sefira (emanation of God in the Kabbalistic tree of life) which is yesod, foundation, toward the base of the "tree of life".
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  • Tet as the ninth letter is connected with the nine months of pregnancy.
  • Yesod, meaning "foundation" in Kabbalah, represents connection, bonding, integrity, and the channel for bringing spiritual energy into reality, acting as a conduit between higher sefirot and the physical world (Malchut, the tenth and "lowest" sefira).
  • "Yesod appears in the configuration of the sefirot along the middle axis, directly beneath tiferet, and corresponds in the tzelem Elokim to the procreative organ (in the male; in the female, to the womb).Yesod is associated in the soul with the power to contact, connect and communicate with outer reality (represented by the sefirah of malchut). The foundation (yesod) of a building is its "grounding," its union with the earth (malchut).Corresponding to the procreative organ of man, yesod is the foundation of generations to come. The power to procreate is the manifestation of infinity within the finite context of the created human being. Each individual man is "small" relative to all generations to come (from him). The yesod is referred to as the "small limb" of man, the "small that holds the large [infinite]." The yesod is the "small" and "narrow" bridge between the infinite potential of procreation that flows into it and its actual manifestation in the progeny of man.For this reason, the sefirah of yesod is identified in the Torah with the tzadik (righteous one), as is said: "and the tzadik is the foundation of the world." In particular, this refers to the one, perfect tzadik of the generation. In the very body of the tzadik, finite and limited in time and space, God's infinite light and creative lifeforce becomes manifest. The tzadik procreates on the spiritual plane as well as on the physical plane. He experiences procreation in the inner eye of his consciousness, in the continual flow of new insights and true innovations in Torah. He procreates by arousing the souls of his generation to return to God and the Torah." https://inner.org/sefirot/sefyesod.htm
Gathering our thoughts: we are exploring the large letter tet in Moses' mother's perception of "how good" he is.
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The form and writing of the tet is not considered proper unless there is a space on top. In a meditation I have done on this letter, it became clear to me that this space is crucial so that what's contained within can flow out, out to the world. The concealed goodness and light within must be able to flow out into the world.
There is a midrash that says that the tet is large here because "tov" is actually Moses' name:

(א)כי טוב הוא. כְּשֶׁנּוֹלַד נִתְמַלֵּא הַבַּיִת כֻּלּוֹ אוֹרָה (סוטה י"ב):

(1) כי טוב הוא THAT HE WAS GOODLY — When he was born the whole house became filled with light (Sotah 12a).

״וַתֵּרֶא אוֹתוֹ כִּי טוֹב הוּא״. תַּנְיָא, רַבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹמֵר: ״טוֹב״ שְׁמוֹ. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: ״טוֹבִיָּה״ שְׁמוֹ. רַבִּי נְחֶמְיָה אוֹמֵר: הָגוּן לִנְבִיאוּת. אֲחֵרִים אוֹמְרִים: נוֹלַד כְּשֶׁהוּא מָהוּל. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים: בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁנּוֹלַד מֹשֶׁה, נִתְמַלֵּא הַבַּיִת כּוּלּוֹ אוֹר. כְּתִיב הָכָא: ״וַתֵּרֶא אוֹתוֹ כִּי טוֹב הוּא״, וּכְתִיב הָתָם: ״וַיַּרְא אֱלֹקִים אֶת הָאוֹר כִּי טוֹב״.

The verse states with regard to the birth of Moses: “And the woman conceived, and bore a son; and when she saw him that he was a goodly [tov] child, she hid him three months” (Exodus 2:2). It is taught in a baraita that Rabbi Meir says: “Tov” is his,Moses’, real name, as it was given to him by his parents when he was born. Rabbi Yehuda says: His name was Toviya. Rabbi Neḥemya says: They said he was good because they saw that he was fit for prophecy. Others say: They said he was good because he was born when he was already circumcised. And the Rabbis say: At the time when Moses was born, the entire house was filled with light, as it is written here: “And when she saw him that he was a goodly [tov] child,” and it is written there: “And God saw the light, that it was good [tov]” (Genesis 1:4).

Shortly in the parsha, Pharaoh's daughter will also perceive something in Moses:

(ו) וַתִּפְתַּח֙ וַתִּרְאֵ֣הוּ אֶת־הַיֶּ֔לֶד וְהִנֵּה־נַ֖עַר בֹּכֶ֑ה וַתַּחְמֹ֣ל עָלָ֔יו וַתֹּ֕אמֶר מִיַּלְדֵ֥י הָֽעִבְרִ֖ים זֶֽה׃

(6) When she [Pharaoh's daughter] opened it [the closed basket into which Moses' mother had placed him into the Nile], she saw that it was a child, a boy crying. She took pity on it and said, “This must be a Hebrew child.”

What has happened inside of Pharaoh's daughter so that she has this reaction? Her father has decreed that all Hebrew boys should be killed. I suggest that when Pharaoh's daughter opens the closed basket (vessel) in which baby Moses is hidden, she not only perceives that he is suffering, she also perceives his inherent goodness - the כִּי־ט֣וֹב (ci tov) that is in him. This arouses thee inherent goodness in her, which then initiates her profoundly transgressive (boundary-crossing) act of allowing herself to feel for this "Hebrew boy", and not only that, to act kindly and generously towards him.
Let's linger on the word translated here as "she took pity": וַתַּחְמֹ֣ל
the verbal root is √חמל
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"the primary idea is softness" - the opposite of being hard, being hard-hearted (which we will soon read about as far as Pharaoh's hard-heartedness).
We see here at the start of the long narrative of Moses' life that, indeed, his tears have connected and bridged two adversarial and seemingly irreconcilable communities. When we open our hearts with compassion, much healing can result.

בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא זוֹכֵר אֶת בָּנָיו שֶׁשְּׁרוּיִים בְּצַעַר בֵּין אוּמּוֹת הָעוֹלָם מוֹרִיד שְׁתֵּי דְמָעוֹת לַיָּם הַגָּדוֹל, וְקוֹלוֹ נִשְׁמָע מִסּוֹף הָעוֹלָם וְעַד סוֹפוֹ, וְהַיְינוּ גּוּהָא.

...when the Holy One, Blessed be He, remembers His children who are suffering among the nations of the world, He sheds two tears into the great sea. The sound of their reverberation is heard from one end of the earth to the other. And that is an earthquake.

A fable

A Palestinian child was trapped under the rubble of what used to be her home. The Israeli Prime Minister's daughter was touring the area. She heard the girl's cries and instructed her assistants to free the child. When she sees the girl's face, she feels a wave of compassion, and says: "this must be a Palestinian child".
She takes the girl, and raises her as an Israeli (in other words - gives the girl a life of safety and privilege). She sees the inherent goodness in this child: כִּי־ט֣וֹב.
Years later, the girl - now grown - becomes a great leader among her own people, the Palestinian people, a charismatic teacher and prophet, filled with spirit and gravitas, who inspires and leads her people to a new kind of freedom.
May we learn from the enlarged letter tet in our verse, that amplifies the presence of goodness. May we connect with the hidden goodness and compassion that is within us; may it be enlarged and expanded. May we see the inherent goodness in others. May we say of others: כּי־טוב - how good.

(יג) וְ֭אֵלֶּה צָפַ֣נְתָּ בִלְבָבֶ֑ךָ יָ֝דַ֗עְתִּי כִּי־זֹ֥את עִמָּֽךְ׃

(13)Yet these things You hid in Your heart;

I know that You had this in mind...

(ו) אַ֤ךְ ׀ ט֤וֹב וָחֶ֣סֶד יִ֭רְדְּפוּנִי כׇּל־יְמֵ֣י חַיָּ֑י וְשַׁבְתִּ֥י בְּבֵית־ה׳ לְאֹ֣רֶךְ יָמִֽים׃ {פ}

(6) Surely goodness and steadfast love shall pursue me all the days of my life,

and I shall dwell in the house of God for many long years.

ֹ֣