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Share(יג) וְכׇל־קׇרְבַּ֣ן מִנְחָתְךָ֮ בַּמֶּ֣לַח תִּמְלָח֒ וְלֹ֣א תַשְׁבִּ֗ית מֶ֚לַח בְּרִ֣ית אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ מֵעַ֖ל מִנְחָתֶ֑ךָ עַ֥ל כׇּל־קׇרְבָּנְךָ֖ תַּקְרִ֥יב מֶֽלַח׃ {ס}
(13) You shall season your every offering of grain with salt; you shall not omit from your grain offering the salt of your covenant with God; with all your offerings you must offer salt.
ברית אלהיך. הכנסתיך בברית והשבעתיך שלא תקריב תפל ולא יאכל כי הוא דרך בזיון:
THE COVENANT OF THY GOD. God caused you to enter the covenant and made you swear that you would not offer anything which is unsalted and inedible, for that is an insult.
ולא תשבית מלח. לפי שהוא דבר המתקיים להודיע כי הקרבנות ברית לעולם לכפרה ולא לצורך הקב"ה שהרי אין לפניו לא אכילה ולא שתייה אלא לזכו' בהם את ישראל כי כשאדם חוטא ומקריב קרבן ומתכפר לו ויודע שהוא נקי מחטאו הוא נזהר אחרי כן מלחטוא ומלהיות עוד מלוכלך בעבירו' אבל אם לא היה מתכפר היה מוסיף לחטוא כמו שאחז"ל כיון שעבר אדם עבירה ושנה בה הותרה לו הותרה לו ס"ד אלא נעשית לו כהיתר. משל לאדם שבגדיו צואים אינו משמרן מן הטיט אבל אדם שבגדיו נקיים ויפים משמרן מכל טינוף...
ולא תשבית מלח, “and you must not omit salt;” the reason salt must not be omitted is that it is something that endures, and one of the most important symbolic features of animal sacrifice is to remind the Jewish people as well as individuals of the permanence of God’s covenant with us, and that it is not God who has to worry about being transient but we mortals. Seeing that God is not in need of food or drink, this legislation is clearly meant for the benefit of the Jewish people. When a person has sinned, and offered a sacrifice to further his atonement, knowing that after that he will be free of sin, he will be careful not to commit a careless act which resulted in his becoming obligated to cleanse himself from sin. If, on the other hand, he fails to take steps to obtain atonement, he will undoubtedly continue to commit sins as our sages have said in the Talmud tractate Kidushin, folio 20: “once a person has committed a sin-and has not repented and taken steps to rehabilitate himself,-the sin will no longer appear to him as having been a trespass against God, but he will treat it as if it had not even been a sin.” They explain this by comparing it to someone who has found a stain on his outer garment. Unless he takes steps to remove it, it will soon become something that he gets used to and before long his whole garment will become soiled. But a person whose clothes are nice and clean takes care for them not to become dirty.
וע"ד הקבלה יש במלח שני כחות משתנים זה הפך זה, והם המים והאש, ובכח חמימות האש המיבשו והמגלידו חוזר מלח, ואם כן יש בעצם המלח כח המים והאש שהם כנגד שתי המדות שבהם קיום העולםוהם מדת רחמים ומדת הדין, ומטעם זה אמר ולא תשבית מלח ברית אלהיך, קרא ברית אלהיך מלח לפי שבו יתקיים ויכרת העולם, וכמו שאמרו ראה שאינו יכול להתקיים בדין שתף עמו מדת רחמים, וכן המלח מקיים ומכרית, כי הוא מקיים ומעמיד הבשר זמן מרובה ונותן טעם בכל המאכלים, והוא מכרית גם כן כי המקום המלוח לא יעלה בו כל עשב. וכענין שכתוב (ירמיהו י״ז:ו׳) ארץ מלחה ולא תשב, וכתיב (דברים כ״ט:כ״ב) גפרית ומלח שרפה כל ארצה.
ולא תשבית מלח ברית יה אלו-היך מעל מנחתך, “you may not discontinue the salt of your God’s covenant from upon your meal-offering.” The reason the Torah calls the salt “the covenant of the Eternal,” is because by means of it the covenant will be maintained or destroyed. You may compare this to a statement in Bereshit Rabbah 14,15: “when God saw that man would not be able to survive if God ruled the universe by means of the attribute of Justice exclusively, God co-opted the attribute of Mercy;” in a similar way we may view “salt” either as the instrument of preserving matters or as being the instrument of destruction and making earth forever useless to man. An example was the brimstone and salt which fell on the cities of Sodom, etc. (Jeremiah 17,6; compare also Deut. 29,22).
Covenant is a form of committed relationship—and the facets of the covenants revealed by the efforts of commentators traditional and modern to explain this curious reference in our parashah can be instructive to us as we think about the relationships in our own lives (including our relationships with God). How will we make them endure? Will they have impact beyond our own lifetimes? What intimate activities seal and reseal our commitments—especially during a time when physical proximity is limited? How can we keep them in balance and thereby harness their power instead of being consumed by it?
The Ben Ish Hai notes that there was a custom amongst the Jews of Baghdad to put salt on the dish that they used to gather pieces of bread whilst searching for hametz before Pesah. One of the reasons he suggests for this tradition is that it might be an omen for fulfilling this mitzvah for many years to come as the Torah refers to salt as an “eternal covenant.” (Halakhot, Year 1, Tzav, 6)
As we prepare for our upcoming sedarim, when we hope to sit down for a ceremonial meal together with some of those with whom we are in relationship, and as we continue to celebrate the ongoing relationship that God established with our ancestors, may we remember (perhaps as we taste the salt water) to reconsider, reseal, and strengthen all the covenants in our lives.