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Shareืืื ื ืืืืืช ืืืืื. ืืื ื"ื ืกืขืืคืื:ืืงืื ื ืืืขืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืกืขืืื ืฉื ืืชืื' ืื ืฉื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืื ืืืฆืืคืื ืืืืจ ืืืคื ืื ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืื ืืืฉืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืืื ืืืงืื ืื ืืขืืื ืฉื ืืจืืขืื ืกืื (ืืืจ ืืฉื ืกื"ื ืืขื"ื): ืืื ื"ื ืืืืื ืืืฆืืคืื ืืืืจ ืืคืืื ืืคื ืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืจืื (ื"ื ืืฉื ืกื"ืง ืืืจืื) ืืื ื ืืืืื:
...One who acquires from an idol worshipper a meal vessel of metal or glass or vessels or covered in lead from the inside - even though they are new one must dunk them in a mikvah or a stream that is forty se'ot. GLOSS: There are those who says that vessels that are covered in lead even on the inside are dunked in a mikvah without a blessing, and this is how we act.
ืืืฆืืคืื ืืืืจ. ืืืชื ืืื"ื ืืื ื "ื ืืื ืข"ื ืืืืฆืืคืื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ื ืืืฆืืคืื ืืืืจ:
The Issur vโHeter also applies the lined vessel rule to where lined with glass.
ื"ื ืื'. ืืฆ"ื ืืคืืื ืืกืืจื ืจืืฉืื ื:
The Remaโs opinion disagrees with the initial view regarding lined items.
ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืคืืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืฆื ืืืื ืืืืืืชื ืืงืืืฉืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืืื ืืืจ ืฉืืฆื ืืจืฉืืช ืืขืื"ื ืืจืฉืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืื ืืคืืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืฉืืงืื ืื ืืืืื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืืื ืืืคืืื ืืืฉืชืืฉ ืื ืฆืื ื ืืกืืจ ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืฉืจืื ืฉืืจ ืื ืฉืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืื ืืืืงื ืืื ืกืขืืื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืชืื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืกืขืืื ืืืชืื ืื ืืฉืจ ืืื ืืืฉ ืืื' ืืืืืื ืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืฉ ืืฆืจืื ืืืืฉืืจื ืืืฉ ืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืื ืกืขืืื ืฉืืืืข ืข"ื ืืืฉ ืฉืฆืจืื ืืืคืืื ืืืขื ืข"ื ืืืฉ:
This immersion is on account of the ejection of impurity, so that the vessel will go out from its impurity to the holiness of Israel, similar to a convert who goes out from the domain of idolatry into the domain of Israel. Therefore, even if they are new, such that he bought them from a gentile artisan [who made them], he must [still] immerse them. And it is forbidden to use it without immersion, even for cold [food]. But if a Jew rented or borrowed a vessel from a gentile, it does not require immersion. And this is specifically with culinary vessels, since the verse is dealing with culinary vessels - as it is written (Numbers 31:23), "Anything that is placed on a fire, etc." And what is something that is placed on a fire and and one needs to make it fit (kosher) with a fire? I would say that is a culinary vessel that absorbs [flavor] with fire, and so requires fire for the ejection of what is absorbed.
ืึฐืึนื ืึธืกึฐืจึธื ืชึผืึนืจึธื ืึถืึผึธื ืงึฐืึตืจึธื ืึผึทืช ืืึนืึธืึผ ืึผึดืึฐืึทื ืืึนืึดืื ืึทืขึฒืึทืึดื ืึนื ื ึดืคึฐืึผึทื ืึทืฉึผืึปืึผึธื ืฉืึถื ึผึดืึฐืึธืข ืึผึทืงึผึฐืึตืจึธื. ืึผืึดืึผึดืึฐืจึตื ืกืึนืคึฐืจึดืื ืึนื ืึฐืึทืฉึผืึตื ืึผึธืึผ ืึฐืขืึนืึธื. ืึฐืคึดืืึธืึฐ ืึตืื ืืึนืงึฐืึดืื ืึผึฐืึตื ืึถืจึถืก ืึฐืฉืึธื ึดืื ืึดื ืึธืขึทืึผืึผ"ื ืฉืึถื ึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึผึฐืฉืืึผ ืึผึธืึถื ืึผึฐืึทืึผึดืื ืึผึฐืืึนื ืงึฐืึตืจืึนืช ืึผืงึฐืขึธืจืึนืช ืึฐืขืึนืึธื. ืึทืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึธืืึผ ืฉืืึนืขึดืื ืึผึทืึฒืึธืจ. ืึฐืึดื ืึธืงึทื ืึผืึดืฉึผืึตื ืึผึธืึถื ืึดืึผืึนื ืฉืึตื ึดื ืึธืึธืึฐืึธื ืึทืชึผึทืึฐืฉืึดืื ืึปืชึผึธืจ:
The Torah forbade only [the use of] a pot that was [cooked with the forbidden substance] on that day. For [in that time,] the flavor of the fat absorbed in the pot had not been impaired.
According to Rabbinic Law, one should never cook in it again. For this reason, one should never purchase used earthenware utensils from gentiles to use them for hot foods, e.g., pots and plates. This applies even when they are coated with lead. If one purchased such a utensil and cooked in it from the second day onward, the food is permitted.
ืึทืึผืึนืงึตืึท ืึผึฐืึตื ืชึผึทืฉืึฐืึดืืฉื ืกึฐืขึปืึผึธื ืึดื ืึธืขึทืึผืึผ"ื ืึดืึผึฐืึตื ืึทืชึผึธืืึนืช ืึผืึฐืึตื ืึฐืืึผืึดืืช. ืึผึฐืึธืจึดืื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ื ึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึผึตืฉื ืึผึธืึถื ืึผึธื ืขึดืงึผึธืจ ืึทืึฐืึผึดืืึธื ืึผึฐืึตื ืึดืงึฐืึถื ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึผึธืึฐ ืึดืึฐืืึผ ืึปืชึผึธืจึดืื ืึถืึฑืึนื ืึผึธืึถื ืึฐืึดืฉืึฐืชึผืึนืช. ืึผืึฐืึธืจึดืื ืฉืึถื ึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึผึตืฉื ืึผึธืึถื ืขึทื ืึฐืึตื ืฆืึนื ึตื ืึผึฐืืึนื ืึผืึนืกืึนืช ืึผืฆึฐืืึนืึดืึผืึนืช ืึฐืงึดืืชืึนื ึดืึผืึนืช ืึฐืึดืืึธื ืึผืึทืึฐืึผึดืืึธื ืึฐืึตื ืึปืชึผึธืจืึนืช. ืึผืึฐืึธืจึดืื ืฉืึถื ึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึผึตืฉื ืึผึธืึถื ืขึทื ืึฐืึตื ืึทืึผึดืื ืึผึฐืืึนื ืืึนืจืึนืช ืึฐืงึปืึฐืงึฐืืึนืกึดืื ืึผืึฐืึทืึผึฐืึตื ืึทืึผึดืื ืึทืึฐืขึดืืึธื ืึผืึทืึฐืึผึดืืึธื ืึฐืึตื ืึปืชึผึธืจึดืื. ืึผืึฐืึธืจึดืื ืฉืึถื ึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึผึตืฉื ืึผึธืึถื ืขึทื ืึฐืึตื ืึธืืึผืจ ืึผึฐืืึนื ืฉืึดืคึผืึผืึดืื ืึฐืึทืกึฐืึผึฐืึธืืึนืช ืึฐืึทืึผึฐื ึธื ืึผึธืืึผืจ ืขึทื ืฉืึถืชึผึดื ึฐืฉืึทืจ ืงึฐืึดืคึผึธืชึธื ืึผืึทืึฐืึผึดืืึธื ืึฐืึตื ืึปืชึผึธืจึดืื:
[The following rules apply when] a person purchases metal or glass dinnerware from a gentile. Utensils that [the gentile] did not use at all should be immersed in the waters of a mikveh. Afterwards, it is permitted to eat and drink with them.
Utensils that he used for cold [food and drink], e.g., cups, flasks, and pitchers, he should wash them thoroughly and immerse them. [Afterwards,] they are permitted. Utensils that he used for hot food: large pots, kettles, and pots used to heat food, should be purged through hagaalah, and immersed in the mikveh. Afterwards, they are permitted. Utensils that he used by exposing them to fire, e.g., spits and grills, should be exposed to fire until they become white-hot and their outer surface falls off. They may then be immersed and become permitted for use.
ืึนื ืึดืึผึฐืืึผ ืึผึดืึฐืึดืืึธื ืืึน ืึถืึผึธื ืึผึฐืึตื ืึทืชึผึธืืึนืช ืฉืึถื ืกึฐืขึปืึผึธื ืึทื ึผึดืึฐืงึธืึดืื ืึดื ืึธืขึทืึผืึผ"ื. ืึฒืึธื ืึทืฉึผืืึนืึตื ืึดื ืึธืขึทืึผืึผ"ื. ืืึน ืฉืึถืึผึดืฉืึฐืึผึตื ืึธืขึทืึผืึผ"ื ืึถืฆึฐืืึน ืึผึฐืึตื ืึทืชึผึธืืึนืช. ืึตืึดืืึท ืืึน ืึทืจึฐืชึผึดืืึท ืืึน ืึฐืึทืึผึตื ืึฐืึตืื ืึน ืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึฐืึทืึฐืึผึดืื. ืึฐืึตื ืึดื ืึธืงึทื ืึผึฐืึตื ืขึตืฅ ืืึน ืึผึฐืึตื ืึฒืึธื ึดืื ืึตืึดืืึท ืืึน ืึทืจึฐืชึผึดืืึท ืึฐืึตืื ืึน ืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึฐืึทืึฐืึผึดืื. ืึฐืึตื ืึผึฐืึตื ืึธืจึธืฉืึดืื ืึตืื ืึน ืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึฐืึทืึฐืึผึดืื. ืึฒืึธื ืึทืฉึผืืึนืขึดืื ืึผึทืึฒืึธืจ ืึฒืจึตื ืึตื ืึผึดืึฐืึตื ืึทืชึผึธืืึนืช ืึผืฆึฐืจึดืืึดืื ืึฐืึดืืึธื:
[Our Sages] obligate this immersion only for metal dinnerware utensils that were purchased from a gentile. When, however, a person borrows [such utensils] from a gentile or a gentile left him such utensils as security, it is only necessary to wash them thoroughly, boil them, or expose them to fire. He does not have to immerse [them]. Similarly, if one purchased wooden or stone utensils, it is only necessary to wash them thoroughly, boil them, or expose them to fire. Similarly, earthenware utensils need not be immersed. If, however, they are coated with lead, they are considered as metal utensils and require immersion.
ืืื ืืจืก ืืืฆืืคืื ืืืชืื ืืืืืืช ืืื ื ืืืื ืืจืก: ืืื ืืืฉ ืืงืืืืช ืฉื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืฉืชืืฉ ืืืื ืืจืก ืืืืืืืืจ"ื ืืคืืื ืืืฉืื (ืืืจื"ื) ืืืื ืืืืืืจ ืจืง ืืืงืื ืืื ืื (ืชืฉืืืช ืืืจื"ื):
Ceramic objects that are coated with glass are treated like ceramic objects. Rema: There are places where the practice is to not use glazed ceramic things, even new ones (Mahari"l). Do not be stringent except for in a place where there is such a practice (Responsa of the Mahari"l).
ืกืืจ ืืืฉืจ ืืืื ืื ืงื ืื ืื ืืขืืื ืืืืืื. ืืื ื' ืกืขืืคืื:ืืืืงื ืืืื ืืฉื ืื ืื ืืขืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืฉื ืฉืชืืฉ ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืฉืจื ืืคืืื ืืืืงื ืืื ืชืฉืืืฉ ืืฉื ืื ืฉื ืฉืชืืฉ ืืื ืืฆืื ื ืืืื ืืืกืืช ืืฆืืืืืืช ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืืืืื ืืฆืจืื ืืฉืคืฉืคื ืืืื ืืืื ืืฉืขืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืจืง ืืืืกืืจ ืฉืขื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืฉืืืคื ืืืื ืืืืืืื ืืื ืืืชืจืื: ืืื ืืฉ ืืงืืืืช ืฉื ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืกืจืืื ืืืืืงืื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืฉืืืข ืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืื ื ืงืจืฉ ืืขืืื ืืขืฆืื ืืืื ื ื ืืืข ืืื ืืืื (ืจืื"ืฉ ืกืืื ืงื"ื):
One who takes old (ie used) vessels from one who worships idols [lit. stars] - the way in which the idol-worshipper used them, this is how he kashers them. Therefore, one who takes a used old vessel which was used for cold, such as cups and plates and others like that - he washes them and he must scrub them well in water at the time of washing in order to remove and polish the issur (forbidden matter) which is on them, and afterwards rinse them in water and dip them (in a mikvah). Rema: There are places where the custom is to permit placing wine in vessels (ie barrels) where the planks of wood are smeared with fat because the nature of wine is to separate itself from the fat, and the fat congeals and stands by itself and does not touch the wine at all (Ribash 149).
